@article{203121,
  author = {Dzung Pham and Wentao Fan and Michael Scheer and Hakan T{\"u}reci},
  title = {Flux-based three-dimensional electrodynamic modeling approach to superconducting circuits and materials},
  abstract = {<p>Modeling the behavior of superconducting electronic circuits containing Josephson junctions is crucial for the design of superconducting information processors and devices. In this paper, we introduce DEC-QED, a computational approach for modeling the electrodynamics of superconducting electronic circuits containing Josephson junctions in arbitrary three-dimensional electromagnetic environments. DEC-QED captures the nonlinear response and induced currents in BCS superconductors and accurately captures phenomena such as the Meissner effect, flux quantization, and Josephson effects. Using a spatial coarse-graining formulation based on discrete exterior calculus (DEC), DEC-QED can accurately simulate transient and long-time dynamics in superconductors. The expression of the entire electrodynamic problem in terms of the gauge-invariant flux field and charges makes the resulting classical field theory suitable for second quantization.</p>
},
  year = {2023},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A 107, 053704},
  month = {05/2023},
  url = {https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.053704},
}